Marine

Safety Tips For Navigating Crowded Waterways

Safety Tips For Navigating Crowded Waterways 1000 667 James Hallam

UK waterways can get crowded, especially during the busy summer months.

In this post we will discuss some safety tips for navigating crowded waterways during high season, to help you avoid stress, arguments, and potential damages to your boat and others.

Who Has Right of Way on UK Waterways?

Which Side To Pass Other Boats
On UK waterways, you should navigate on the right (starboard) side, as opposed to the left (port) side, as you would on UK roads.

Wind-powered Boats vs. Engines
There are also certain international regulations determining what types of vessels have right of way on the water. Generally speaking, wind-powered boats have right of way over boats powered by engines, due to their comparatively limited manoeuvrability.

Large Vessels vs Smaller Vessels
Larger vessels also tend to take priority over smaller vessels, mainly because smaller vessels can easily move around larger vessels, which may struggle to correct course.

However, these regulations largely apply to vessels at sea. Local authorities may set their own regulations concerning right of way, and other issues. So before you use any waterways, make sure you familiarise yourself with the local laws.

Stand-On and Give-Way

Whenever two or more vessels encounter each other on any waterway, it is important to consider the “stand-on” vs. “give-way” concept:

  • The stand-on vessel should maintain its speed, and its course.
  • The give-way vessel should adjust its speed and course accordingly so as to avoid a collision.

As we mentioned above, different types of vessels may take priority on waterways. As a general rule of thumb, larger vessels, and those powered solely by wind, should be viewed as stand-on vessels, as it will be harder for such boats to alter their course. Meanwhile, smaller vessels, and those powered by engines, will be viewed as give-way vessels, as they will find it easier to manoeuvre.

But once again, certain waterways may impose their own regulations. For example, all boats may be required to give priority to commercial vessels and local trip boats. And if a waterway is used for certain types of water sports, then this activity may take priority over other types of boating.

Safety and Courtesy for Passing Other Vessels

What if you encounter a similar type of boat to yours? Who will take priority then? For example, what happens when two canalboats need to pass on a waterway?

Technically, neither boat will have priority in this situation. So instead of thinking about right of way, instead aim to follow some general safety and courtesy procedures:

  • Keep your distance from all other boats. Be aware of your boat’s capabilities, and always give yourself enough space and time to react to potential collisions.
  • Follow any speed restrictions on the waterways, and try to keep your speed consistent so that other waterway users can anticipate your actions.
  • If you find yourself on a narrow or crowded waterway, slow down and try to avoid making any abrupt movements.
  • Keep a careful lookout for particularly vulnerable vessels and individuals on the waterway, such as swimmers, canoes, and kayaks.
  • Stick to any designated channels or courses for your particular vessel, as this can help to avoid any unexpected encounters. Also try to stick to one side of the waterway, so that other vessels can easily pass on the other side.
  • Plot your course carefully to avoid any potentially unsuitable or overcrowded channels, and to prevent sudden course changes.
  • Try to stay on your course, and try to avoid U-turns, as these can quickly create bottlenecks and other problems.

Understanding the Water

It is also important to understand the specific nature of the water you are sailing on.

If you are boating on river, a lake, or at sea, then you might have more room to manoeuvre. However, you will also have currents to contend with, and you may sometimes have to deal with turbulent waters. These factors will affect your turning circle, and potentially your speed.

On tidal waters, navigation lights may also be compulsory, so that you can easily communicate your intentions to other vessels.

If you are boating on a marine, or canal, then you may not have to deal with tides, currents, and waves. However, you may have to contend with narrower channels, and potentially more congestion.

Prepare For Emergencies

No matter what sort of waterway you are on, it is important to ensure your vessel is equipped with all of the essential safety equipment in case of emergencies.

You will need a suitable anchor and chain, to stop yourself from drifting in the event of engine failure. Make sure everyone onboard has a life jacket, or access to a life ring or life buoy. Also ensure that everyone has a basic understanding of water safety, and on what to do in case of emergency.

Make sure you have enough fuel for every journey you undertake, to avoid getting stranded. It may also be a good idea to pack flares, so that you can signal to other boats, or a VHF radio to communicate with coastguards and other emergency services.

Get The Right Cover For Your Boat This Summer

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need to cover your boat for potential collisions and other emergencies all year round.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.

Avoiding Overheating Boat Engine and Equipment Failure in the Summer

Avoiding Overheating Boat Engine and Equipment Failure in the Summer 1000 667 James Hallam

An overheating boat engine is one of the biggest risks associated with the summer season. In this post we will discuss how you can maintain your boat engine during the summer, with tips on what you should do if your engine starts overheating.

What Causes Engine Overheating?

Boat engines can overheat at any time of the year, but overheating is more likely in the summer. This is because:

  • Strain on the engine: You are more likely to use your boat for extended periods over the summer, and with shorter breaks between each use. Over time, this can put a strain on the engine and its components.
  • High Temperatures: Higher temperatures in the summer months can mean that the engine’s cooling systems have to work harder, which can eventually make them less effective.
  • Shallow waters: The specific waters in which you use your boat can also increase the risks of your engine overheating. Shallow waters, for example, can cause sediment to enter your engine’s cooling systems, which can affect their performance. Plus, if there is a lot of debris or vegetation about, it can clog your engine’s water intake, which can also affect the effectiveness of your cooling system.
  • Saltwater: If you take your vessel out to sea, saltwater can, over time, block your engines cooling systems, which can eventually lead to overheating.

Understanding Your Engine And Cooling System

Getting to know your engine and cooling system is key to understanding and preventing overheating.

Outboard engines
These are water-cooled. The engine draws in water through an inlet before discharging it from the tell-tale. If the cooling system is operating, there should be a small stream of water emanating from the tell-tale while the engine is running.

Inboard engines and stern drive engines
Like cars and other road vehicles, these may rely on engine coolant, along with a heat exchanger that relies on a flow of raw water to keep cool. Or, they might be entirely water-cooled, via thru-hull fittings or a special strainer for saltwater.

Air-cooled engines
Certain smaller outboard engines are air-cooled, rather than water-cooled. The engines feature passages allowing for a flow of air. Excessive loads or blockages can place a strain on these systems.

How To Tell If Your Engine is Overheating

There are some obvious signs that your engine is overheating:

  • Steam might start emanating from the engine compartment.
  • A strong smell of burning.
  • The engine may sound strained.
  • Temperature gauge rising into the red.

Depending on the specific type of engine your boat uses, there might be other early warning signs that things are starting to overheat. If you have a water-cooled system, for instance, look out for a reduced flow from the system’s tell-tale. Some engines will display warning lights if the coolant engines are running too low. And most engines will experience performance issues if they get too hot.

What To Do If Your Engine Starts Overheating

  • Turn off your engine immediately. Set the throttle to idle, and stop wherever it is safe to do so. The longer you run an overheating engine, the worse the damage will be, and the more the repairs will cost you.
  • Give the engine at least 30 minutes to cool.
  • Check the system for faults. Pay particular attention to the coolant levels, and top them up if need be. Also check for blockages wherever they may develop, such as in the outboard water intakes, the thru-hull fittings, or the air intakes.
  • Aim to get your engine system fully inspected and, if necessary, fully serviced before you take to the water again. You should certainly get professional help if your engine will not start again after overheating, or if you notice any visible signs of damage to the cooling system.

How to Prevent Engine Overheating

Regular maintenance will help you prevent your engine overheating.

Read the manufacturer’s instructions for guidance on regular engine maintenance, and make sure you carry essential maintenance equipment, and spare parts as necessary. Regularly monitor your engine’s coolant levels, and keep an eye on the temperature gauges whenever you are running your boat.

Regular cleaning can also help prevent engine overheating, as it can prevent blockages from developing. For seagoing vessels, you should regularly flush your cooling system to remove any blockages caused by saltwater.

Be sure to read our full guide to mid-season boat checks and maintenance that will help keep your boat in full working order throughout the summer and beyond.

Get The Right Cover For Your Boat This Summer

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need to cover your boat all year round.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.

What is a Bareboat Charter and How is it Different to a Time Charter?

What is a Bareboat Charter and How is it Different to a Time Charter? 1000 563 James Hallam

In the shipping industry, you have a choice of charter arrangements. In this post we will outline the key features of bareboat charter arrangements, and discuss how this arrangement differs from a time charter arrangement, and a voyage charter arrangement.

What is a Bareboat Charter?

A bareboat charter is a type of leasing arrangement. It involves hiring a vessel without any crew, fuel, or provisions.

In a bareboat charter, the charterer who has hired the vessel takes on full responsibility for every aspect of the subsequent shipping operations, including the management of crew, cargo, and logistical tasks such as fuelling and procurement. They will take on these responsibilities for the duration of the pre-agreed charter period.

Types of Bareboat Charter

There are two types of bareboat charters:

  • Commercial maritime bareboat charters
  • Leisure craft bareboat charters

Each type of bareboat charter is subject to different regulatory requirements, and there will be different insurance requirements depending on the nature of the charter.

In this post we will focus on commercial maritime bareboat charters. We shall cover leisure charters in a future post.

Commercial Maritime Bareboat Charters

This is a bareboat charter taken out for commercial purposes, including cargo shipping, industrial operations, or offshore procedures. These charters typically involve large ships and specialised vessels, including tankers, Crew Transfer Vessels and cargo ships.

Commercial maritime bareboat charters are often long-term, with the charter period lasting for months or years. The charterer assumes full operational control of the vessel, including crewing, bunkering, insurance and maintenance.

A commercial maritime bareboat charter is normally be referred to as a Charter Party Agreement (CPA).

What is a Time Charter?

In a time charter arrangement, the shipowner hires out their vessel for a specific period of time. Whereas bareboat charter arrangements involve hiring out the vessel, in a time charter arrangement the shipowner may also hire out their crew, along with certain supplies and bunkers. The shipowner may also retain responsibilities for maintaining and insuring the ship for the duration of the charter.

What is a Voyage Charter?

In a voyage charter, a shipowner will hire out their ship, usually along with their crew, for a single voyage, or for a set number of voyages. The charter will only apply for this specific voyage, or for a round trip between specified ports. The shipowner will also retain responsibilities for maintaining and insuring the ship for the duration of the charter.  The charterer will often be responsible for and/or own the cargo.

What is the Difference Between Bareboat Charters, Time Charters, and Voyage Charters?

Here is how bareboat charters differ from other types of charters:

  • In a bareboat charter, the charterer has full flexibility over their crew, their schedules, and even the ongoing maintenance and insurance of the ship. In both voyage and time charters, the shipowner retains responsibilities for the ship’s operations, insurance or management.
  • Bareboat charters allow charterers to do things their way. With total control over the routes they take, the cargo they carry, and the vessel’s maintenance schedules, they can streamline their operations for maximum profitability.
  • Time charters and voyage charters are mainly used in the world of commercial shipping, but bareboat charters can be taken out for recreational use too.

Choosing the Right Type of Charter

No type of charter is inherently “better” than any other type. There are situations when a time charter might work best for all parties involved, and situations where a voyage charter might prove most convenient.

Yet a bareboat charter offers a good balance of flexibility and cost-effectiveness for charterers, while giving shipowners a reliable source of income without any of the expenses and responsibilities that the other arrangements might entail.

Fore more, you can also read our full guide to the differences between time charters and voyage charters.

Bareboat Charters – Insurance, Regulatory, and Financial Considerations

Bareboat charters offer charterers a huge degree of flexibility and control, making them a popular option for maritime shipping companies. However, when a charterer hires out a vessel as part of a bareboat charter arrangement, they will take on a lot of extra responsibilities. You need to ensure you can meet all applicable compliance requirements while managing all the risks:

  • Legal and regulatory: The charterer will have to obtain all necessary permits and licenses for the vessel, the cargo, and the voyage. They will also need to ensure the vessel meets all relevant safety and environmental requirements. In a CPA, this can involve meeting SOLAS, ISM Code, MARPOL, and flag state requirements.
  • Financial: The charterer will be responsible for meeting all operational costs, from the crew wages to the fuel expenses and insurance. They will also need to schedule and pay for all necessary maintenance and repairs, and they will need to pay for all applicable port fees and other charges for every voyage they undertake.
  • Insurance: In a CPA, the charterer may be responsible for arranging adequate marine insurance for the duration of the bareboat charter. This may include cover for hull and machinery, and for protection and indemnity. Depending on the nature of the operations, they may also need to arrange specialist cover for war risk and for Protection and Indemnity Specialist Operations cover.

Which Type of Charter is Right For Your Voyage?

If you cannot decide which type of charter is right for your voyage, we can help you.

Our short Charters Liability Insurance Questionnaire will help you understand your operation’s possible exposure to risk. This will help us provide the best package of insurance cover and terms for your voyage.

Want to discuss your requirements in more detail? Get in touch with our marine team by calling us on 020 3148 9540 or email info@everardinsurance.co.uk

 

Mid-Season Boat Engine Checks and Maintenance

Mid-Season Boat Engine Checks and Maintenance 1000 668 James Hallam

Ongoing checks and maintenance over the summer can keep your boat clean and efficient throughout the season, while also helping you avoid costly repairs in the long-term.

In this post we will outline some essential mid-season boat engine checks and maintenance tasks that will help you enjoy a summer of smooth sailing.

Mid-Season Boat Engine Checks

You should routinely check:

  • Your engine’s oil levels. Throughout the season, try to keep the oil between the min and max marks.
  • Antifreeze, or a water cooling system, levels, if your engine has these.
  • Fluid leaks, whether it is oil, coolant, or water. You may have to use a torch to search the dark parts of your engine compartment for signs of leaks. If you see any sign of leakage, even if it is just a single drop, locate the source and address it immediately. Leaks can get worse over time, so the earlier you can fix them, the better.
  • All the parts of the engine – including the belts, hoses, and any other moving parts – for signs of degradation, including splits, cuts, or chafes.
  • Check on consumables and components. Read the manufacturer’s guidance for instructions on how often you should clean or replace certain components, such as the water pump impeller.

Mid-Season Boat Battery Checks

Check your boat battery’s charge as often as you can. If it is ever lower than you expect, enlist a trained mechanic to address any issues, or look for any faulty equipment on your boat that may be draining the charge.

Also check the terminals for signs of corrosion. This is another area where the sooner you address a problem, the less it could cost you overall.

Mid-Season Hull Maintenance

Check all cleats, seals, and other fittings for signs of leaks or water entry. Check your anodes from time to time for signs of rusting, and detangle any debris from your propellor as often as possible.

Throughout the summer, it can also help to routinely rinse the deck and hull with fresh water. This can prevent salt and dirt from accumulating, which can make the more thorough hull maintenance a lot easier once the season draws to a close.

Other Mid-Season Boat Checks

  • Make sure all of your onboard safety equipment is still in code and in good condition. Check the manufacturer’s guidelines for more information about each item’s lifespan, and replace anything that needs replacing as soon as possible.
  • During the long summer days, it can be easy to take your boat’s lights for granted. So make sure to check your boat’s navigation lights as often as possible, so you can replace any faulty or burnt out bulbs long before the nights draw in.

Ongoing Seasonal Boat Maintenance

We have a complete guide to the sort of safety inspections you should make each season, to keep your boat in good dependable condition all year round. Read our guide to seasonal boat safety inspections.

We also have a detailed guide to cosmetic repairs and hull maintenance, a dedicated guide to boat maintenance in the winter, and a guide to off-season storage for boats.

Get The Right Cover For Your Boat Throughout the Mid-Season and Beyond

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need to cover your boat throughout those busy mid-season summer months, and beyond.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.

Type of Marine Fuels – What Are My Fuelling Options?

Type of Marine Fuels – What Are My Fuelling Options? 500 282 James Hallam

Some types of marine fuels may be more affordable than others. Unfortunately, the cheapest fuels also tend to be the least carbon efficient. And as ship owners must now meet stringent decarbonisation regulations, choosing the right fuel for your marine operations may not be as straightforward as it used to be.

In this post we will list the various types of marine fuels, to give you a better idea of your fuelling options for your marine business.

What are the Decarbonising Rules For the Marine Industry?

In early 2023, the International Maritime Organisation introduced new Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) rules. The aim is to reduce the carbon intensity of all ships by 40% by 2030.

On top of this, the Fuel EU Maritime regulation came into force on 1 January 2025. This regulation sets strict limits to the total average greenhouse gas emissions for any ship heavier than 5,000 gross tonnes that calls into EU ports.

Because of such regulations, choosing the right fuel for your shipping is not as straightforward as it used to be. It is not just a case of choosing the greenest and most cost-effective fuel for your current operations. You also need to consider how you will adapt your operations to meet future decarbonisation and emission targets. This might mean making considerable modifications today, so that you can continue to ship tomorrow.

Read our full guide to decarbonising and emission regulations for the marine industry here.

Types of Marine Fuels

You have a choice of fuelling options for your marine operations, including:

  • Marine diesel oils (MDO)
  • Marine gas oils (MGO)
  • High Fuel Oil (HFO)
  • Ultra low sulphur fuel oil (ULSFO or VLSFO)
  • Liquid natural gas (LNG)
  • Methanol
  • Biofuel

We’ll explore each of these in detail, to help give you an idea of what might be the best option for you.

Marine Diesel Oils (MDO)

MDO is a distillate, meaning it is produced via a process that involved heating and evaporating residual oil. Due to its relatively high sulphur content, burning MDOs tends to produce more harmful emissions compared to other marine fuels.

Marine Gas Oils (MGO)

Like MDO, MGO is a distillate. However, MGO tends to be of a higher quality than MDO, producing fewer harmful emissions but costing more as a result.

High Fuel Oil (HFO)

HFO tends to be around 30% cheaper than distillate fuels, but it has a much higher density and sulphur content than both MDO and MGO. As a result, HFO use contributes significantly to pollution.

Changing Priorities in Marine Fuel

MDO, MGO, and HFO have been the most popular types of marine fuel for decades. Distillates such as MDO and MGO are popular choices for autonomous ships, and for small to mid-size ships that do not have the capacity to use other fuel types, which may require the use of heaters and purifiers.

The London Maritime Academy reports that, as recently as 2021, MDO, MGO, and HFO fuelled almost 93% of all ships at sea. Yet the high sulphur contents of these fuel types have forced the industry to consider alternatives.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulates sulphur emissions in the marine trade. IMO 2020 is the most recent regulation, which limits the sulphur levels in the fuel oils used in shipping to 0.5%. Previously, the limit was 3.5%.

It is possible to install systems that clean a ship’s exhaust gasses to limit the sulphur oxide emissions, which has allowed many marine operations to continue to use HFO even following the IMO 2020 regulation. However, the industry is currently exploring a number of alternative fuel types.

Ultra Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (ULSFO)

Also known as VLSFO, this is a high quality form of MDO that has been specifically distilled to achieve less than 0.5% of the regulation IMO 2020 sulphur levels. It is a clean and affordable option, particularly for small to mid-size vessels. There are also ultra-low sulphur variations of MGO, that can have sulphur emissions as low as 0.1%.

Though ULSFOs are cleaner and relatively affordable, there are certain safety concerns associated with these fuels. When mixed with other fuels onboard a ship, they may become less efficient, or even unstable.

Liquid Natural Gas (LNG)

LNG is even cleaner than ULSFO. However, though the fuel itself may be relatively cost-effective, LNG is not quite ready to become the leading type of fuel for the marine industry.

The main issue is that LNG can be difficult to transport and store. Also, most vessels will have to retrofit their fuel systems before they can switch to LNG, a process that many will find prohibitively expensive.

Methanol

Methanol, another alternative fuel type, may be more compatible with existing fuel systems. Yet though methanol emits fewer pollutants than MDO, MGO, and HFO, it is still carbon based, so it may only be useful as a transitional solution.

Biofuel

Biofuels are derived from renewable resources, such as animal fats and hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVOs). They are totally sulphur free. Yet they can cost more than other fuel types, and they may lead to additional issues, such as potential microbial growth in engine systems.

Dual Fuels

Some marine businesses have experimented with a “dual fuel” system. This involves mixing a traditional fuel source, such as MDO or MGO, with an alternative fuel source, such as HVO or LNG. Doing so can reduce the vessel’s overall sulphur emissions. However, as we mentioned above, mixing fuels can result in instability.

Electrification and Fuel Cells

Finally, electric batteries and fuel cells are becoming increasingly prevalent in certain sectors.

Fuel cells rely on electrochemical oxidation to convert chemical energy directly into thermal and electric energy. They are low-maintenance, highly efficient, and they generate very little vibration and noise compared to traditional fuel and engine systems. Plus, if the cell uses natural gas or methanol as the fuel, the carbon emissions can be extremely low.

Electric batteries, though, generate zero emissions. We are already seeing battery-powered boats that can charge at shore before delivering hours of zero emission, fully electric propulsion. At the moment, only smaller boats such as tugs are realising the potential of electric propulsion. It is unclear whether it will ever be viable for larger vessels to switch to electric batteries.

Insurance Implications of Marine Fuel

The type of fuel you choose for your marine operations can have certain insurance implications. For example, if you rely on a dual fuel system, your vessels may face an increased risk of fire. Certain fuels may also be caustic, toxic, or otherwise harmful to crews and marine life if they are not stored or handled correctly.

If you would like to discuss how your fuel choice might affect your marine insurance, we are here to help.

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need to cover your vessels and your crews.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.

 

Seasonal Boat Safety Inspections: How to Ensure Compliance Before Peak Activity

Seasonal Boat Safety Inspections: How to Ensure Compliance Before Peak Activity 500 334 James Hallam

Routine boat safety inspections will allow you to address any potential issues before they become problematic, meaning that you will be ready to enjoy season after season of smooth sailing.

But on top of this, your boat insurance may require you to undertake certain maintenance tasks, meaning that seasonal boat safety inspections can help you stay compliant, and covered.

This post will provide an essential checklist of seasonal boat safety inspections. We will outline the key things to check throughout the year to help you ensure compliance before peak activity.

Spring Boat Safety Inspection Checklist

In the early months of the spring, your safety checks will help you ensure your boat is ready for launch once the season truly begins:

  • Hull – Look for any signs of damage, including chips, scratches, blisters, and dents. Check for signs of marine growth, and for signs of cracks or corrosion where the hull and keel join. You may need to apply a protective coat of paint, or even a coat of antifouling, to help keep things watertight.
  • Engine – Check the oil and coolant levels, and top up where necessary. Also check your filters and belts for signs of wear and tear, and check your propellor for any signs of damage.
  • Battery – Test your battery’s charge. Check the terminals for signs of corrosion, and if necessary, clean them.
  • Sails – If your boat has sails, as we will cover below, you should take them down and wash them over the winter. Spring is a time for ensuring that both the sails and the lines are still in good condition, and getting any repairs if necessary.
  • Safety Equipment – Is everything still in code? Does anything need topping up, or replacing? Check your boat’s life jackets, fire extinguishers, flares, and any other emergency equipment.

Summer Boat Safety Inspection Checklist

Summer is peak sailing season, and routine inspections before and after every excursion will help you ensure that everything stays in optimum condition throughout the season:

  • Fuel System – Look out for any signs of leaks, and any loud noises or emissions that might suggest an issue with your fuel line or engine.
  • Seals and Fittings – Keep an eye out for signs of leaks and water entry. Make sure that all cleats, seals, and other fittings are watertight.
  • Keep Things Clean – Throughout the season, if you rinse your deck and hull with fresh water, you can remove a lot of salt and debris, which can make hull maintenance cheaper and easier through the off-season.

Autumn Boat Safety Inspection Checklist

As Autumn approaches, the sailing season will begin to wind down, and you will start to think about putting your boat into storage for winter. Some interim checks can help streamline the winterisation process:

  • Hull – Check for any signs of damage. Consider adding a new layer of gelcoat, followed by a polish. You may need to carry out more substantial repairs in the winter, but this interim check can make things a little easier.
  • Propeller – Check the propeller for signs of damage, and if necessary, remove any debris that may have become entangled.
  • Engine – It is good practice to change your boat’s oil, along with the filters, at the end of each season. This can help protect the engine from corrosion over the winter.

Winter Boat Safety Inspection Checklist

If you take the time to properly prepare your boat for the winter, then you will not face an overwhelming list of servicing tasks once spring rolls around again.

Winter is a time for a thorough safety inspection for your whole boat, including the hull, the thru hull fittings, the propeller, the engine, and more.

Read our full guide to boat maintenance for the winter.

We also have a guide to servicing sailing equipment over the winter, and a guide to properly storing your boat through the winter months.

Boat Safety Inspections Will Help You Stay Compliant with Insurance Requirements

Your boat insurance may require you to undertake certain maintenance tasks. For example, some marine insurance policies may stipulate that you keep your boat onshore throughout the winter.

Year round boat safety inspections will not only help you keep your boat in good working order. They will also help you ensure that your policy will give you the cover you need should you ever make a claim.

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need to cover your boat all year round.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.

Marina and Boat Yard Safety Essentials

Marina and Boat Yard Safety Essentials 500 334 James Hallam

 

Marinas and boat yards can be hazardous environments. In this post, we will discuss some of the main risks that exist in marinas and boat yards. We will also outline some safety essentials, including key safety equipment and fire safety procedures.

What Are the Common Risks in Marinas and Boat Yards?

Due to the hazards present in these environments, the three most common risks in marinas and boat yards tend to be relating to fire, flood and injury. It’s important to recognise these risks and what causes them so you are able to make changes to mitigate them.

Fire
Marinas and boat yards are full of flammable substances, such as oil, fuel, and certain cleaning products. These are often kept in close proximity to the sort of materials that can quickly catch fire, such as sails, tarps, and wooden structures. All of this means that even a small fire can escalate rapidly.

Flood
It might seem obvious given their proximity to water, but marinas and boat yards should not underestimate the risk of flooding. Floods can strike without warning, and floodwater could cause a huge amount of damage if you do not take precautions to secure your premises and equipment.

Injury
Any large body of water will be inherently hazardous. But as well as life jackets and lifebuoys, you should also look to safeguard against slips, trips, falls, and other injuries.

Key Safety Equipment for Marinas and Boatyards

To help reduce these risks and the scale of the damage or injury they can cause, it’s essential to have safety equipment within quick and easy access.

First-aid equipment
The marina or boatyard should have:

  • onshore first aid kits
  • offshore first aid kits
  • at least one member of staff trained in first aid

Any first aid kits stored on boats should be fully waterproof, and the offshore first aid equipment should include foil blankets for people rescued from the water.

Water safety equipment
In terms of safety equipment and rules, you should always make sure there are:

  • lifebuoys or throw lines within easy reach wherever anyone might fall in
  • plenty of easily accessible ladders so that anyone who falls into the water will be able to quickly climb out again
  • enforced rules that nobody should ever take to the water without wearing a life jacket

Fire safety equipment
To help mitigate the risk of fire, you should:

  • thoroughly assess the fire risks in your marina or boatyard
  • get an adequate number fire extinguishers to cover these risks
  • ensure that your extinguishers are suitable for fighting the sorts of fires that are likely to break out (e.g. wood and paper, chemical, electrical etc.)

Marina and Boat Yard Safety Essentials

  • Take the time to understand the risks you are facing. Perform a thorough risk assessment for your marina or boatyard. Identify all of the things that could possibly go wrong. Assess how likely it is that each risk you have identified will lead to harm, and also how severe the harm might be for every possible risk.
  • Invest in the equipment you need. Your risk assessment may have revealed certain gaps in your current safety procedures. Invest in new equipment wherever necessary. Also be sure to check any existing equipment for use-by dates, and get adequate replacements as soon as you can.
  • Invest in training and development. All staff should be familiar with your health and safety protocols, and all should know how to use your key safety equipment. Get first aid training for as many members of staff as possible, and make sure that all new members are given safety drills as part of their induction. Everyone, including all staff and all members, should receive refresher training at least once a year.
  • Prevention is better than a cure. Stay on top of your routine cleaning and maintenance and you can help prevent many common accidents. Servicing engines and other machinery can help prevent fires. Keeping areas free from clutter can prevent slips, trips, and falls.
  • Be prepared for an emergency. Make sure everyone knows exactly what course of action to take in the event of an emergency. For example, where should people gather if you need to evacuate the premises? Which emergency services will you need to contact, and who will be responsible for contacting them? Also be sure to take precautions to secure your premises against possible floods.

Specialist Insurance For Marinas and Boat Yards

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need for your marina or boat yard, to cover you, your staff, your members, your premises, and your equipment for a range of risks.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.

Marine Cyber Security: Threats to the Marine Industry

Marine Cyber Security: Threats to the Marine Industry 1000 503 James Hallam

 

Every business in every sector must take cybersecurity seriously. Businesses in the marine industry are no exception.

In this post we will outline some of the major cybersecurity threats in the marine industry and discuss some ways you can keep your business safe from cybercriminals.

Which Marine Systems are at Risk of Cyberattacks?

Marine businesses across the world are increasingly relying on a mix of information technology (IT) and operation technology (OT) to maximise operational efficiency. Both IT and OT systems are vulnerable to cyberattacks:

Maritime IT Systems

These are largely the systems used onshore to manage the maritime operation as a whole. Cybercriminals may target data such as:

  • accounts
  • crew lists
  • staff rotas
  • payroll
  • permits
  • certificates

If they gain access to this data, they may steal it outright and sell it to other cybercriminals. Or they may encrypt the data as part of a ransomware attack. IT system breaches can result in a significant financial and reputational hit for maritime companies.

On-Board OT Systems

These can include onboard systems such as:

  • PLCs
  • SCADA
  • ECDIS
  • GPS
  • systems for controlling engines and cargo remotely

It is easy to imagine the chaos that could ensue if a cybercriminal gained control of any of these systems. Along with the financial and reputational damages, there would also be potential for environmental damage, destruction of property, and even loss of life.

One increasingly critical area of concern is the Automated Identification System (AIS), which transmits vital information about a vessel’s identity, position, and course to nearby ships and coastal authorities. Originally designed to improve navigation and safety, AIS was not built with cybersecurity in mind. It is vulnerable to attacks such as spoofing and data manipulation, which could mislead vessels about the presence or movements of other ships, increasing the risk of collisions or grounding. As the marine industry becomes more interconnected, protecting systems like AIS is becoming a key focus for cybersecurity strategies and specialist marine cyber insurance policies.

How Big is the Risk of Cyberattacks For Marine Businesses?

The latest World Economic Forum report on cybercrime revealed that there were historic levels of data breaches in 2024. The forecast for 2025 predicts increasingly sophisticated attacks, largely fuelled by advances in artificial intelligence and marine learning technologies.

Despite the growing risk and sophistication of cybercrime, it seems that too many maritime businesses are either unaware of the risks, or unprepared to meet them. According to a recent DNV Maritime Cyber Priority report, only 40% of surveyed marine organisations are investing sufficiently in IT and cybersecurity.

Cybercriminals do not discriminate. They do not care what sort of business they target. No business is too big, or too small, for them. If they find a vulnerability, they will exploit it. And thanks to AI and machine learning technologies, they can quite easily target multiple businesses in multiple sectors with multiple attacks at once.

If your maritime business is not taking cybersecurity seriously, it may only be a matter of time before you fall victim to a cyberattack or a data breach. As the global maritime industry becomes increasingly aware of the risks of cybercrime, any business that does not take steps to secure itself may eventually struggle to get charters.

Regulations and Guidance for Mitigating Maritime Cyber Risks

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set regulations for cybersecurity onboard vessels. This means that shipowners, operators, and managers have a legal duty to meet certain cybersecurity requirements both onboard and offshore.

The IMO has also issued a set of guidelines on maritime cyber risk management. They outline the marine technology and assets that may be vulnerable to cybercrime, along with the operational, safety, and security implications of cyberattacks.

The guidelines also include some tips for identifying, analysing, assessing and communicating cyber risks in the marine industry.

You can access the full IMO cyber risk guidelines.

Key Cybersecurity Principles For Marine Businesses

No two maritime businesses are quite the same, so every business involved in shipping and logistics may face a unique set of cybersecurity risks.

Nonetheless, here are three key principles that every maritime business should consider as part of their cybersecurity strategy:

  • Perform a thorough audit of all of your key systems, so as to identify any possible points of vulnerability. Once you understand the specific cybersecurity risks your business is facing, you will have a better understanding of the steps you will need to take to mitigate or minimise these risks.
  • Staff training. Make sure that all staff, including onboard crews and onshore support workers, understand the risks of cybercrime. Everyone should be able to spot the signs of a potential cyberattack – such as a phishing email – and all should know what to do if they ever suspect that key data, or a key system, has been compromised.
  • Software updates. Cybercriminals are constantly looking for vulnerabilities to exploit. Keep on top of updates for all of your key systems, both onboard and onshore. This can help to minimise the possible points of entry for cybercriminals.

Cybersecurity and Seaworthiness

As ships rely more on digital systems, cybersecurity has become a key part of seaworthiness. Recent legal guidance suggests that if a vessel does not have proper cyber risk management, including cyber insurance, it could be classed as unseaworthy. This could mean that marine insurance policies are invalidated in the event of a claim. For newbuild vessels especially, having strong cybersecurity protections and specialist cyber insurance is becoming essential, not just for safety but to meet legal and operational standards.

Specialist Cyber Insurance For Marine Businesses

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need to cover your marine business for all cybersecurity risks, both onshore and at sea.

Our specialist marine cyber insurance policies can offer protection against a wide range of digital threats, including breaches of onboard operational technology (OT) systems like GPS, ECDIS, and the Automated Identification System (AIS). With targeted attacks on maritime navigation and communication systems on the rise, comprehensive cyber coverage is essential for safeguarding your assets, operations, and reputation.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.

A Guide to Cosmetic Boat Repairs and Hull Maintenance

A Guide to Cosmetic Boat Repairs and Hull Maintenance 500 334 James Hallam

 

In this post we will provide an essential introduction to cosmetic boat repair and hull maintenance. We will cover the importance of regular upkeep while outlining some of the key tasks you might consider as part of your routine boat maintenance.

How Often Should You Service a Boat?

You should give your boat a thorough servicing at least once a year, before the boating season begins. You should conduct certain other checks and maintenance procedures more frequently. For example, you should check fluid levels, including oils and coolant, as often as possible – on a daily basis, if you regularly use your boat.

You should also aim to check your boat’s key systems, including the engine, the electricals, the coolant system, the hydraulics, the steering, and the propulsion, at least once every three months.

Read our full guide to winter boat maintenance. We also have a guide to safely storing your boat out of season, and a guide to servicing your sailing equipment.

The Importance of Committing to Boat Repairs and Hull Maintenance

  • Safety and security. Corrosion and degradation can lead to leaks. A well-maintained boat will remain seaworthy.
  • Long-term cost savings. Routine boat maintenance can help you find and fix errors long before they become truly problematic, potentially saving on costly repairs in the long-term.
  • Keep your boat looking new. For many, this is the most important reason to stay on top of boat maintenance. If you take personal pride in your vessel, then of course you will want to do all you can to keep it looking beautiful.

Hull Maintenance – Key Areas to Focus On

To monitor your hull’s integrity, assess it’s:

  • Structural condition
  • Transom
  • Rudder
  • Stringers
  • Look for any cracks or chips
  • Any signs of leaks or corrosion

Essential Hull Maintenance Tasks

If your boat has a fibreglass and gelcoat hull, first look for any signs of wear and tear. As well as a visual inspection, you can tap the hull lightly with a hammer. If it sounds hollow, it could mean there is a void in the core. Cut out any section that seems compromised, laminate it with new fibreglass, and then bond it with either polyester resin or marine epoxy.

If there are any cracks or gouges in the gelcoat, first sand the hull down to expose the laminate, before applying a fresh coat to reseal. A layer of polish can also further protect the gelcoat layer.

Also check for any marine coat, and be prepared to scrape back some layers of paint to apply some antifouling if necessary.

Cosmetic Boat Repairs

To check the cosmetic condition of your boat, pay attention to the:

  • Deck
  • Windows
  • Key fixtures
  • Fittings
  • Interior upholstery

Cosmetic Boat Repair Tasks

Thoroughly clean your boat’s deck. You may wish to apply a new finish. Check the usage guidance on your chosen finish for tips on how often you may need to reapply.

Also pay attention to your boat’s various fixtures and fittings, including the thru-hull fittings. Give everything a clean and a polish, and always be on the lookout for signs of corrosion or damage.

Read our full guide to taking care of sails and sailing equipment.

When it comes to your boat’s interior, give every area a thorough vacuum, along with some deep dusting and cleaning. Wash all upholstery, and if it is looking torn or threadbare, get it repaired or replaced.

If you want to keep your boat’s interior fresh all year round, as well as routine cleaning, make sure it is as well-ventilated as possible. Also take care not to leave perishable food or drink for too long in your boat. As well as creating unpleasant smells, this can also lead to the accumulation of condensation and mould.

We Can Help You Take Care of Your Boat

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need to cover your boat all year round.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.

Servicing Sailing Equipment for the Upcoming Season

Servicing Sailing Equipment for the Upcoming Season 500 375 James Hallam

 

As the sailing season approaches, it is important to ensure your vessel, and all of your equipment, is in good working order.

In this post we will outline all of the key maintenance tasks you should undertake to prepare for the upcoming season.

The Importance of Spring Maintenance for Sail Boats and Sailing Equipment

Dedicate a bit of time to some key maintenance tasks, and you can look forward to an entire season of smooth sailing. Regular maintenance will reduce your downtime while helping you save money on repair costs in the long-term.

Of course, it is best to think of boat maintenance as an ongoing commitment, rather than an annual task. Be sure to also read our guide to boat maintenance in winter, and our guide to where you should store your boat out of season.

Does Insurance Require Sailboats to be Serviced?

Your marine insurance policy might also require you to stay on top of certain maintenance tasks. For example, it might stipulate that your boat’s rigging must always be in good, seaworthy condition. So, if you do not commit to regular maintenance, you could inadvertently invalidate your policy.

Key Sailing Equipment to Check

  • Hull and decks
  • Rigging
  • Sails
  • Engine
  • Electricals
  • Safety equipment

Inspect the Hull and Clean The Decks

Thoroughly inspect every inch of your boat’s exterior, including the keel, the rudder, and all through-hull fittings. Look for scratches, gouges, abrasions, and repair anything you find.

If necessary, apply a new coat of antifoul or polish, and replace your anodes if they appear worn or corroded.

Clean your boat’s deck using dedicated cleaning products for each area. Polish your metalwork, and check the seals for leaks. Also inspect your deck equipment, including the stanchions, lifelines, chains, and the anchor system. Give all winches a clean and a grease, and test all hatches, windows, and portlights for leaks.

Check Your Sails and Rigging

Depending on where you stored your boat and your sails over the winter, you may need to clean your sails. In any case, the springtime before the sailing season begins is a good opportunity to check your sails once again for any signs of wear and tear.

Check your rigging for any weak spots, or signs of fraying or corrosion. Pay particular attention to the split pins, the shackles, and the wire guards. You may wish to hire a professional rigger for a dedicated pre-season check, to ensure that everything is working like it should.

Engine and Electrical Checks

First, give your boat’s engine a thorough visual inspection, checking for any signs of rust, corrosion, or damage. You may want to hire a specialist mechanic to give your engine a dedicated servicing.

Even if you do not get your engine serviced, you can clean it, check the fluid levels, and top up where necessary. You can also use this as an opportunity to stock up on engine spares, including fuel, coolant, and oil filters, so that you will have reliable backups once the season begins.

Make sure you record any engine maintenance you carry out in your ship’s log.

Finally, check all of your boat’s electrical components and appliances, including your lights, pumps, and gauging. Check all implements for signs of corrosion, and all wiring for signs of wear.

Check Your Safety Equipment

Many items of safety equipment have use-by dates. Pre-season is a good time to ensure that everything onboard is still in code and in good condition, and to replace anything that needs replacing.

Key safety equipment to check includes your life rafts, lifejackets, flares, and radio beacons and transmitters.

Are You Insured For This Year’s Sailing Season?

Everard Insurance Brokers are the specialist marine trading division of accredited Lloyd’s brokers James Hallam Limited. We can help you ensure you have the insurance you need for this year’s sailing season, and beyond.

Find out more about our dedicated marine insurance services.